Carol Siegel

English 311 — Asian/Pacific American Literature – TTh 2:50-4:05

Office MMC 202S, office hours: TTh 10:00-11:00 and by appointment

Office (360) 546-9641, Home (503) 226-4272, E-Mail siegel@vancouver.wsu.edu

BASIC INFORMATION:

Attendance and participation: More than three absences may lower your grade substantially.  Because we cannot hope to discuss everything, I rely on you to direct my attention to what interests you.  Your participation will be reflected in your grade.

Students with Disabilities:  I am committed to providing assistance to help you be successful in this course. Reasonable accommodations are available for students with a documented disability. Please notify me during the first week of class of any accommodations needed for the course.  Late notification may cause the requested accommodations to be unavailable.  Students needing accommodations must have them approved through the Associate Director of Student Services, SSV, Room 203

Written Work: All written work must be typed or printed, double spaced with one inch margins all around.  Documentation must conform to MLA Works Cited style. 

Late Papers: Grades will be lowered, at my discretion, as much as one degree (e.g. from A to A-), for each class day that the paper is late.  èNOTE: No late work will be accepted for a grade after December 7 under any circumstances.

Academic Integrity:  As an institution of higher education, Washington State University is committed to principles of truth and academic honesty.  All members of the University community share the responsibility for maintaining and supporting these principles.  When a student enrolls in Washington State University, the student assumes an obligation to pursue academic endeavors in a manner consistent with the standards of academic integrity adopted by the University. To maintain the academic integrity of the community, the University cannot tolerate acts of academic dishonesty including any forms of cheating, plagiarism, or fabrication. Washington State University reserves the right and the power to discipline or to exclude students who engage in academic dishonesty.  Consult handout on avoiding plagiarism.

WRITING ASSIGNMENTS AND GRADES: One 5-6 page paper and one 8-10 page research paper are required.  You may write on any topic so long as you focus on one or more of the texts assigned for this class and follow the guidelines in the "Writing About Literature" handout.  The first paper should be a "position paper" in which you make an interpretive claim about a literary text and then devote the rest of the paper to supporting that claim.  For the second paper you have three options -- see the attached handouts for more guidance.  Paper #1 will count as 1/4 of your grade and Paper #2 as 3/4, prior to adjustment for attendance and participation. Work will be graded on a twelve point scale (A+=12, F=0).


REQUIRED TEXTS:

Maxine Hong Kingston, The Woman Warrior

Julie Otsuka, When the Emperor Was Divine

Louis Chu, Eat a Bowl of Tea

Ruth Ozeki, My Year of Meats

Lan Cao, Monkey Bridge

Shawn Wong, Asian American Literature

Chang-Rae Lee, A Gesture Life

Milton Murayama, All I Asking for Is My Body

Bharati Mukherjee, Desirable Daughters

 

Syllabus

KEY: AAL = Asian American Literature anthology

Tuesday, August 22: Orientation: Discussion of assignments and requirements. Introduction: American "Orientalism" and Asian-American Cultures.

Thursday, August 24: Introduction and first section of AAL, through p. 62.

 

Tuesday, August 29: Eat a Bowl of Tea, through Chapter XXXVIII

Thursday, August 31: Finish Eat a Bowl of Tea & Sui Sin Far's "The Americanization of Pau Tsu" (AAL 66-)

 

Tuesday, September 5: The Woman Warrior "No Name Woman" and "White Tigers"

Thursday, September 7: The Woman Warrior: "Shaman," "At the Western Palace" and "Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe"

 

Tuesday, September 12: All I Asking For Is My Body

Thursday, September 14: When the Emperor was Divine, through p. 105

 

Tuesday, September 19: Finish When the Emperor was Divine and Lawson Fusao Inada's "Legends from Camp" (AAL 299-)

Thursday, September 21: Carlos Bulosan's "The Romance of Magno Rubio" (AAL 101-) and Vince Gotera's poetry (AAL 355-)

 

Tuesday, September 26: PAPER #1 DUE.  A Librarian will visit the class and provide instruction in research.  This is VERY important!  Please be here on time.

Thursday, September 28: A Gesture Life, through Chapter Seven (p. 152)

 

Tuesday, October 3: A Gesture Life, through Chapter Twelve, (p. 271)

Thursday, October 5: Finish A Gesture Life and Myung Mi Kim's poems (AAL 387-)

 

Tuesday, October 10: LAST DAY TO TURN IN PAPER #1 REVISION.  (revision is optional.)  Marked original MUST accompany revision.  Janice Mirikitani's "Spoils of War" (AAL 186-) and Monique Thuy-Dung Truong's "Kelly" (AAL 288-)

Thursday, October 12: Research Day.  No Class will be held.  Please use this time to begin, or continue, research for the term paper.

 

Tuesday, October 17: Desirable Daughters, through Chapter 5 (p. 95)

Thursday, October 19: Desirable Daughters, through Chapter 10 (p. 170)

 

Tuesday, October 24: Finish Desirable Daughters

Thursday, October 26: Fae Myenne Ng's "Backdaire" (AAL 252-), Woon Ping Chin's poems (AAL 317-), Marilyn Chin's poems (AAL 363-)

 

Tuesday, October 31: Monkey Bridge, Through Chapter 5 (p. 93)

Thursday, November 2: Monkey Bridge, Through Chapter 9 (p. 191)

 

Tuesday, November 7: Finish Monkey Bridge.

Thursday, November 9: Darrell Lum's "Primo Doesn't Take Back Bottles Anymore" (AAL 215-) and Wini Terada's "Intermediate School Hapai" (AAL 220-)

 

Tuesday, November 14: PAPER #2 DUE. Film will be shown in class.

Thursday, November 16: Film continued and discussion. 

 

Tuesday, November 21: THANKSGIVING BREAK

Thursday, November 23: THANKSGIVING BREAK

 

Tuesday, November 28: My Year of Meats, through p. 167.

Thursday, November 30: Finish My Year of Meats.

 

Tuesday, December 5: Russell Leong's poems (AAL 323-)

Thursday, December 7: Last Day of Class.  LAST DAY TO TURN IN PAPERS or PAPER #2 REVISION.  (revision is optional.)  Marked original MUST accompany revision. Retrospective. Course Evaluation.


A SHORT GUIDE TO WRITING ABOUT LITERATURE

Form: To be accepted for a grade, papers must be either typed or printed on a computer printer.  No hand-written or hand-printed papers will be  for credit.  Passing papers must have all the usual attributes of college essays: a TITLE, an introduction, unified and coherent body paragraphs, a conclusion, and standard documentation of quotes (following MLA rules).  Standard grammar and usage are also expected.  Any grammar and composition handbook will most of your questions about grammar and usage.   The Writing Center will help you with documentation as well as more complex problems.

The Topic: Choose your own topic, following these guidelines.

1. The topic should focus on the assigned reading, not on things in your experience or observation that the reading made you think about.  The topic should focus on the assigned reading, not on things in your experience or observation that the reading made you think about.  How your own life resembles that of the narrator in Brainard’s When the Rainbow Goddess Wept, for example, although obviously interesting, would not be an appropriate topic for an essay on the novel.  Also inappropriate, would be an essay on the topic of why you feel that Julie Otsuka's When the Emperor Was Divine does not accurately portray the experience of Japanese-Americans, since implied in such a statement is the idea that only you know what Japanese-Americans truly experience.  Instead, you might want to discuss how the novel creates its portrait of a specific type of Japanese-American experience.  One of many appropriate topics for such a discussion would be how exactly Otsuka's narrative moves between scenes reflecting typical American mainstream concerns, such as the daughter's concern about being dressed appropriately in the beginning, and upsetting images from their life in the internment camps during the war, in ways that symbolically represent the disjunctions the family experiences in their life.

2. The topic should not treat fictional characters as real people or what happens in fiction as real events.  Much of our pleasure in reading comes from understanding things this way as we read.  But analysis demands that we mentally stand back and think about how effects are achieved.  To claim that Brave Orchid in The Woman Warrior is not a good mother implies that they are real people. Instead you might focus on how the text defines what a good mother is and how the depiction of Brave Orchid relates to this definition. 

3. The topic should be limited to fit the scope of the paper and should give your reader direction.  Don't try to say everything possible about any text.  The title of the text you are discussing cannot also be the title of your paper since this implies that you are going to say everything that can be said about the text.  Successful topics are found by focusing on one particular aspect of a literary work or group of works.  Many successful papers explore the ways that content (what the text is about) and form (the way the contents are presented) either work together or at cross purposes.  If you aren't sure whether your topic will work, please discuss it with me.

The Thesis: Every successful essay has a clear thesis.  Don't confuse the topic with the thesis.  Your thesis is the main point you make about your topic.  Your thesis cannot be "differences and similarities in The Woman Warrior and Eat a Bowl of Tea."  That is a topic.  A successful thesis derived from this topic could be something like this: "Although The Woman Warrior and Eat a Bowl of Tea both depict female protagonists within a Chinese immigrant community who face sexual dilemmas.  Each novel focuses on conflicts caused by differences in Chinese and American/Western gender roles, but the authors' treatment of their material reflects their different attitudes about Chinese traditions and the sense of identity they impart to women.  Kingston seems most interested in showing the tragic effect of oppressive Chinese traditions on women, so the references to sexuality in her novel are mostly concerned with an absolute lack of any meaningful, pleasant connection between men and women. In contrast, Chu's main purpose seems to be to create a record of a bit of Chinese-American social history in an amusing fashion, so he emphgasizes the triumph of family connection, despite the central relationship's serious problems. (Note that a thesis for a paper longer than 4 pages is rarely one sentence long.)

Your thesis must make a different point about your topic than the author makes.  That is, if, for instance, your topic is the way Wong depicts Chinese-American experience in Homebase, your thesis cannot be that being subjected to irrational and unfair racial prejudice results in intense feelings of alienation for men like the hero.  That is Wong's own point, so if you were to develop it as your thesis, you would just be repeating, in your own words, the plot of the novel.  Instead, you might look at how Wong uses description to suggest the impact of racism on his protagonist's world view.  Rather than simply listing the images in the book, you might explore how they work by paying attention to symbolic values and commenting on structural elements like juxtaposition.

Keep in mind that your thesis must be complex enough to give you material for a paper of the required length.  A paper thesis needs to include two or more subtopics, the development of which will structure your paper.  In choosing a thesis, ask yourself not only what ideas the text conveys but how they are conveyed.  Remember that your reader already knows what is said in the text.  In trying to find something interesting to say about it, ask yourself what details cause you to interpret the text the way you do and what about the way it is written makes it give you the impressions it does.

Supporting Evidence: As much as you need to present your own ideas, you need to convince your er that they are reasonable and worth considering.  You do this by presenting supporting evidence for your claims.  There are three ways to do this in an English paper.

1. You may do research.  That is you may look for books or articles on your topic and find out what professional literary critics (or experts like historians, psychologists, sociologists, or anthropologists, when their theories relate to your thesis) have to say about your topic.  When you do research, keep in mind two things:

(A) Expert opinions are still just opinions, consequently they can never prove a point.  Therefore, when you quote a literary critic's idea about a text, you have not shown that this is the correct view to have.  If you agree with the critic you still have to explain what in the text being discussed causes you to agree.  Sometimes the critic will present evidence that supports your idea.  If the evidence is factual, that is, if it consists of a reference to something that actually occurs in the text or to a verifiable feature of the text (such as that it is divided into six stanzas each on a different topic) then you have proof.  But if what the critic does is argue his or her opinion, you must sum up the argument and add your own ideas in an effort to convince your reader. Remember you can include critics' views you disagree with and argue with them.

(B) When you PARAPHRASE other peoples' ideas, you must give them credit or you have plagiarized them. If you and a critic say the same thing, mention this in your discussion

2. You may and in most cases should quote from the text you are discussing.  When quoting, avoid providing too much material (words or phrases that are irrelevant to your point) or providing too little material (so that your reason for thinking this supports your assertion is unclear).  When it is not clear why you think that a quote supports your claim, you must explain how it does.  The most common fear among students in English classes is that they will explain something that does not need to be explained.  This almost never happens.  When in doubt, explain.

3. You may summarize or paraphrase.  When you do either of these things remember that you should be doing so in order to support a claim, not in order to refresh the reader's memory about what happens in the story.  Don't introduce your idea about a specific scene with a summary of the events leading up to this scene.

GUIDE TO THE RESEARCH PAPER

You have three options for the research paper.

OPTION ONE: a conventional English research paper.  This paper should develop and support a thesis claim and include at least two secondary sources, one of which is academic literary criticism (not book reviews, film reviews, or summaries like Cliff Notes).  The second (and possibly other) secondary sources can be from academic publications in anthropology, sociology, psychology, or history.

OPTION TWO:  a comparison of a film to one or more relevant literary text.  You may either compare the film version of Eat a Bowl of Tea to the novel or you may compare film and literary treatments of the same topic, for instance you might discuss treatments of Japanese American experience in Hawaii as presented by the film Picture Bride to those in All I Asking for is My Body.  Or you could compare Eat a Bowl of Tea's depiction of traditional arranged marriages to those in the film The Wedding Banquet, or Sister of My Heart's depiction of traditional Indian marriages to those in Monsoon Wedding.  

OPTION THREE: A comparative study of the literature produced by one Asian American group.  If you choose this option you may write about the literature of any ONE of the following racial/ethnic/geographic/language groups: Chinese Americans, Filipinos, Japanese Americans, (East) Indians Writing in English, Korean Americans, Vietnamese Americans, Asian American Hawaiians, OR discuss with me the possibility of writing on the literature of another group.  (DO NOT MIX TEXTS FROM DIFFERENT GROUPS FOR THIS OPTION.  The point of this assignment is for your paper to reflect your sense of differences and similarities within a specific group, not across groups.)  Students choosing this option will need to focus on at least one text (or recommended film) that was assigned in this class.  Then you will need to read and discuss at least two other texts NOT assigned for the class.  One must be a book-length literary work (novels, short story collection, or autobiography), the other one may be a short text, for example a poem or a short story.  (You are welcome to include books that we have excerpts from.)  You may also use films and/or oral histories rather than literary texts for the two texts in addition to the novel.  Like the other papers, this one should have a thesis that makes an interpretive point about a literary text. 

For example, you may choose as your topic the depiction of community in texts by Hawaiian Asian Americans.  Your thesis might be that Wild Meat and the Bully Burgers, while differing from other Hawaiian texts in some important ways, resembles them in depicting a unique cultural situation in which, because Anglo Americans are not the majority, finding a place in the community does not seem to involve giving up a sense of connection to the family's culture of origin. You would then discuss this novel and at least two other texts by Hawaiian Asian Americans in order to support this claim.  Another example: you may choose as your topic attitudes toward mothers in Chinese American literature.  Your thesis might be that Woman Warrior is unusual in its depiction of the mother as her daughter's major antagonist, but not in its portrayal of the mother's power.  These are just suggestions, not necessarily interpretations that I want you to have.  Feel free to argue the opposite.

SOME RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

(See the bibliography at the end of AAL for more.  IF everything by an author is recommended I only include the name below)

JAPANESE AMERICAN:

Lydia Minatoya, Talking to High Monks in the Snow

John Okada, No-No Boy

Wakako Yamauchi, And the Soul Shall Dance (a play)

Cynthia Kadohata, In the Heart of the Valley of Love, The Floating World

Yoshiko Uchida,  Picture Bride

David Mura, Turning Japanese: Memoirs of a Sansei, Where the Body Meets Memory

Ruth Ozeki,  My Year of Meats

CHINESE AMERICAN

David Wong Louie, Pangs of Love

Patricia Chao, Monkey King

Shawn Wong, American Knees

Gish Jen, Typical American

Louis Chu, Eat a Bowl of Tea

Amy Tan (everything)

Gus Lee, China Boy

Maxine Hong Kingston (everything)

Chuang Hua, Crossings

FILIPINO

Jessica Hagedorn, Dogeaters

Carlos Bulosan (everything)

Arlene J. Chai, The Last Time I Saw Mother

Bienvenido Santos, Scent of Apples

Cecelia Manguerra Brainard.  When the Rainbow Goddess Wept

HAWAIIAN

Sylvia Watanabe, Talking to the Dead

Kiana Davenport.  Shark Dialogues

M. Evelina Galang, Her Wild American Self

Garrett Hongo, Volcano

Lois-Ann Yamanaka. Wild Meat and the Bully Burgers.

EAST INDIAN AMERICAN and/or written in English

Bharati Mukerjee  (everything)

Meena Alexander, Nampally Road

Ginu Kamani, Junglee Girl

Arundhati Roy, The God of Small Things

Jhumpa Lahiri, The Interpreter of Maladies

KOREAN AMERICAN

Nora Okja Keller.  Comfort Woman.

Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, DICTEE

Kim Ronyoung, Clay Walls

VIETNAMESE AMERICAN

Jade Ngoc Quang Huưnh , South Wind Changing